7 Wonders of the World

7 WONDERS OF THE WORLD AIM Is to instruct the house nigh 7 Wonders of The gentleman. SEQUENCE * History * septenary Wonders of the antique land * New Seven Wonders of the populace * Ongoing Seven wonders of the reputation * Recapitulation * Conclusion HISTORY The origin of the idea of Seven Wonders of the World dates back to Herodotus (484 BC 425 BC) and C eachimachus (305 BC 240 BC), who do lists which included 7 cognise place of antediluvian patriarch world, and from there the Idea of 7 wonders st deviceed. Only the p all(prenominal)y gain of Giza is unruffled standing of those ancient wonders.The other six were sunk by earthquake, fire, or other causes. New Seven Wonders of the World is a project that attempts to revive the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World concept with a list of modern wonders. A familiarity poll was being led by Canadian-Swiss Bernard Weber and organized by the Swiss-based, controlled by New7Wonders Foundation, with winners announced on July 7 , 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Great benefit of Giza * The Great Pyramid of Giza Built 2560 BC. * TheGreat Pyramid of Gizais the oldest and bragging(a)st of the three profitsin theGiza.This is the only cardinal of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient Worldthat survives in the world. * It is believed the pyramid was built as a tomb forFourth dynastyEgyptianPharaoh Khufu and constructed over a 20 year arrest concluding somewhat 2540 BC. * The Great Pyramid was thetallest synthetical mental synthesisin the world for over 3,800 years. * Originally the Great Pyramid was covered by casing st champions that formed a smooth outermost surface. * The Great Pyramid of Giza is the main part of a complex position of constructs that included 2mortuary synagoguesin honor of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile).Hanging Gardens of Babylon * TheHanging Gardens ofBabylon are considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. They w ere built by the ChaldeankingNebuchadnezzar IIaround 600 BC. * He is reported to feel constructed the gardens to please his sick wife, who longed for the trees and fragrant plants of her native landPersia. * The lush Hanging Gardens are extensively documented by Hellenichistorianssuch asStraboandDiodorus Siculus. Through the ages, the location may have been abstruse with gardens that existed atNimrud. The gardens were done for(p) by several earthquakes after the 2nd vitamin C BC. Statue of genus Zeus at Olympia * TheStatue of Zeus at Olympiawas made by the Greek sculptorPhidias, circa 432 BC on the internet site where it was erected in theTemple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece. *It was considered to be one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World. * For six deoxycytidine monophosphate years after the death of the sculptor, people from all over the civilized world travelled to view it as it was thought to be a misfortune to die without seeing this work. The seated statue, some 12 me ters (39 feet) tall, assiduous the whole width of the aisle of the temple built to house it. It seems that ifZeuswere to stand up, the geographerStrabonoted early in the first nose candy BC, he would unroofed the temple. Temple of Artemis * TheTemple of Artemisalso known less on the dot asTemple ofDiana, was atemple dedicated toArtemis sinless in its most celebrated phase around 550 BC atEphesus(in currentTurkey). * Here were previous temples on its site, where evidence of a sanctuary dates as early as theBronze Age. The whole temple was made of marble except for the roof. The Temple of Artemis was locate near the ancient urban tenderness of Ephesus, about 50km south from a modern port city ofTurkey.Today the site lies on the edge of the modern town ofSelcuk. * The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was destroyed on July 21, 356 BC in an act of arson connected byHero stratus. According to the story, his motivation was fame at any cost, olibanum the termherostratic fame. * A ma n was found to plan the burning of the temple of Ephesian Diana so that through the destruction of this most beautiful building his name might be spread through the whole world. The temple was restored after Alexanders death, in 323 BC. * This re crook was itself destroyed during a warin 262. * The Ephesians rebuilt the temple once more. * In 401, the temple in its last version was last destroyed by a mob led by St. outhouse Chrysostom,and the stones were used in construction of other buildingsMausoleum of Halicarnassus * TheMausoleum at Halicarnassus was atombbuilt between 353 and 350 BC in Turkey forMausolus, asatrapin thePersian Empire, andArtemisia II of Caria, his wife and sister. It stood approximately 45 meters (135 ft) in tip, and each of the four sides was adorned withsculpturalreliefscreated by each one of four Greek sculptors. * The beauty of the Mausoleum was not only in the structure itself, merely in the decorations and statues that adorned the outside at differen t levels on the tree stump and the roof statues of people, lions, horses, and other animals in varying scales. The four Greek sculptors who mold the statues were each responsible for one side. * The Mausoleum overlooked the city of Halicarnassus for many years.It was unaffected when the city fell to Alexander III of Macedon in 334 BC and mum undamaged after attacks bypiratesin 62 and 58 BC. It stood higher up the citys ruins for sixteen centuries. Then a series of earthquakes shattered the columns and sent the bronzy chariot crashing to the ground. By 1404 AD only the very base of the Mausoleum was still recognizable. Lighthouse of Alexandria * TheLighthouse of Alexandriawas a tower built in the tertiary century BC (between 285 and 247 BC) on theislandof Pharos inAlexandria. With a altitude variously estimated at between 115 and 135m (380 and 440ft) it was identify as one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World. * The lighthouse was completed in the 3rd century BC. * Alexan der died unexpectedly at age 32, Ptolemy Soter (Saviour, named so by the inhabitants of Rhodes) made himself king in 305 BC and ordered the construction of the Pharos shortly thereafter. The building was finished during the reign of his son. * The twoearthquakesin 1303 and 1323 damaged the lighthouse to the extent that the Arab travelerIbn Battutareported no overnight being able to enter the ruin.Even the stubby remnant departed in 1480. lusus naturae of Rhodes * TheColossus of Rhodeswas astatueof the Greek godHelios, erected in the city ofRhodeson theGreekisland ofRhodesbyChares of Lindrosbetween 292 and 280 BC. It is considered one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World. earlier its destruction, the Colossus of Rhodes stood over 30 meters (107ft) high, making it one of the tallest statues of the ancient world. * The structure as being built withirontie bars to which typeface plates were fixed to form the skin.The interior of the structure, which stood on a 15-meter- (50-foo t-) high gaberdinemarblepedestalnear the harbor entrance, The statue itself was over 30 meters (107 ft) tall. practically of the iron . * The statue stood for only 56 years until Rhodes was hit by the226 BC Rhodes earthquake, when significant damage was also done to larger-than-life portions of the city, including the harbor and mercenary buildings, which were destroyed. * The remains lay on the ground as described byStrabo(Greekhistorian) for over 800 years, and even broken, they were so impressive that many travelled to see them. In 654, an Arab force captured Rhodes, the remains were sold to a Jewish merchant, The buyer had the statue broken down, and transported the bronze scrap on the backs of 900 camels to his home.There is compelling evidence, however, that all traces of the Colossus had actually disappeared long originally the Arab invasion. New Seven Wonders of the World Taj Mahal * TheTaj Mahal is amonumentlocated inAgra, India, built by Mughalemperor mothShah Jahanin memory of his wife,Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is considered the finest example ofMughal architecture, a style that combines elements from Persian,Indian, andIslamicarchitectural styles. In 1983, the Taj Mahal became aUNESCOWorld inheritance Site. * In 1631, Shah Jahan, emperor during theMughal empires period of sterling(prenominal) prosperity, was grief-stricken when his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal, died during the birth of their fourteenth child. Construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632, one year after her death. The principal construction was completed in 1648. * BY the late 19th century, parts of the buildings had fallen severely into isrepair. During the term of theIndian rebellion of 1857, It also damaged during British period, At the windup of the 19th century,Lord Curzonordered a massive restoration project, which was completed in 1908. Great breakwater of mainland China * TheGreat Wall of Chinais a series of stone and earthenfortificationsin northernChina, built, reb uilt, and retained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to encourage the northern borders of theChinese Empirefromattacks during varioussuccessive dynasties. Since the 5th century BC, several walls have been built that were referred to as the Great Wall.One of the most famous is the wall built between 220206 BC by the first emperor butterfly of China. * Great Wall, with all of its branches, stretches for 8,851. 8km (5,500. 3mi). This is made up of 6,259. 6km (3,889. 5mi) of sections of actual wall, 359. 7km (223. 5mi) of trenches and 2,232. 5km (1,387. 2mi) of natural defensive barriers such as hills and rivers. * At present some portions north of Beijing and near touring car centers have been preserved and even extensively renovated, in many locations the Wall is in disrepair.Many Parts have been destroyed because the Wall is in the expression of construction. More than 60kilometers (37mi) of the wall inGansuprovince may disappear in the next 20 years, due to erosion fromsandstorms. In places, the height of the wall has been reduced from more than five meters (16. 4ft) to less than two meters. The square lookout towers that characterize the most famous images of the wall have disappeared completely. Many western sections of the wall areconstructed from mud, rather than brick and stone, and thus arrive more harmful for the building.Roman Coliseum * Roman Coliseum in the center of the city ofRome,Italy, the largest ever built in theRoman Empire. It is one of the enormousest works ofRoman architecture. its construction started between 70 and 72 AD down the stairs the emperorVespasianand was completed in 80 AD. * Construction of the Colosseum began on a lower floor the rule of the EmperorVespasianin around 7072AD. The site elect was a flat empyrean on the floor of a misfortunate valley between the Hills, By the 2nd century BC. * In 217, the Colosseum was badly damaged y a major fire (caused by lightning) which destroyed the wooden upper level s of the amphitheatres interior. It was not fully repaired until about 240, again maybe to repair damage caused by a major earthquake in 443 and again constructed in 484 and 508. * Severe damage was inflicted on the Colosseum by the great earthquake in 1349, also country caused sevear damage by the earthquake. * more than of the tumbled stone was reused to build palaces, churches, hospitals and other buildings elsewhere in Rome. * But again at 19th centaury Roman rebuilt it. The Colosseum is today one of Romes most popular tourist winions, receiving millions of visitors annually. * On July 7, 2007, the Colosseum was voted as one of New Open World CorporationsNew Seven Wonders of the World. Petra * Petrameaningrock Its inJordan, lying on the slope ofMountin abasinamong the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah , the large valley running from theDead Seato the gulf of Aqaba. * Petra is also one of theNew Seven Wonders of the World. The constructed it as their capital ci ty around 100 BC. The site suffers from a host of threats, including collapse of ancient structures, erosion due to flooding and out-of-the-way rainwater drainage, weathering from salt upwelling, improper restoration of ancient structures, and unsustainable tourism. The latter has increased substantially ever since the site was named one of theNew Seven Wonders of the Worldin 2007 Machu Picchu * Machu Picchulocated 2,430meters (8,000ft) preceding(prenominal) sea level. It is situated on a mountain ridge supra theUrubamba ValleyinPeru, Often referred to as The Lost City of the Incas, Machu Picchu is one of the most familiar symbols of theInca Empire. The Incas started building it around AD 1430. * Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historical Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCOWorld Heritage Sitein 1983. * Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, with polisheddry-stone walls. Its particular buildings are theIntihuatana, theTemple of the Sun, and theRoom of the Three Window s. These are located in what is known by archaeologists as theSacred Districtof Machu Picchu. * Machu Picchu was constructed around 1462, at the height of the Inca Empire.It is likely that most of its inhabitants were wiped out by smallpoxbefore theSpanishconquistadoresarrived in the area, and there is no record of the Spanish having known of the remote city. * An area of 325. 92 square kilometers surrounding Machu Picchu was declared a Historical Sanctuary of Peru in 1971. In addition to the ruins, this sanctuary area includes a large portion of adjoining region, rich withfloraandfauna. * Machu Picchu was designated as aWorld Heritage Sitein 1983 when it was described as an absolute masterpiece of architecture and a unique testimony to the Inca refining delivery boy the Redeemer Christ the Redeemeris astatueofJesus ChristinRio de Janeiro,Brazil considered the largestart deco (Art Decowas a popular international art design movement from 1925 until the 1940s)statue in the world. Th e statue stands 39. 6meters (130ft) tall, including its 9. 5 meter (31 ft) pedestal, and 30meters (98ft) wide. It weighs 635 tons (700short tons), and is located at the peak of the 700meters (2,300ft)Corcovadomountain. It is one of the tallest of its large-minded in the world. the statue has become an icon of Rio and Brazil. The idea for erecting a large statue atop Corcovado was first suggested in the mid 1850s, which financing fromPrincess Isabelto build a large religiousmonument. The second proposal for a large bournestatue on the mountain was made in 1921 by the Catholic flock of Rio. The group organized an event calledSemana do Monumento(Monument Week) to attract donations and collect signatures to support the building of the statue. The donations came mostly fromBrazilian Catholics. Chichen Itza * Chichen Itzais a largepre-Columbianarchaeological sitebuilt by theMaya civilizationlocated in the northern center of the Mexico.Chichen Itza was a major regional focal point in the northern Maya lowlands from theLate Classicthrough the remnant Classicand into the early portion of theEarly Postclassicperiod. The site exhibits a multitude of architectural styles, from what is called Mexicanized * Chichen Itza is maintained by Mexicos(National Institute of Anthropology and History, INAH). The land under the monuments, however, is privately-owned by the Barbican family. * Someethnohistoricsources claim that in about 987 aToltecking arrived here with his army from central Mexico made Chichen Itza his capital.The art and architecture from this period shows an interesting mix of Maya and Toltec styles. * Chichen Itza was a major economic great power in the northern Maya lowlands. * Its a largest tourist place in Mexico but Over the past several years, INAH, which manages the site, has been closing monuments to public access. go visitors can walk around them, they can no longer cost increase them or go inside their chambers. The most recent was El Castillo, which was unappealing after a San Diego, Calif. , woman fell to her death in 2006.